During his reign, Charles I faced several major events, some of which include:

• Personal Rule: Charles began his reign without a regent, and made several decisions without the guidance of parliament. This led to increasing tensions between Charles and parliament, as parliament believed that Charles was undermining their authority.
• Financial crisis: Charles faced a severe financial crisis early in his reign, and attempted to raise money through various means such as imposing taxes and selling monopolies, but these measures were largely unpopular with the public.
• The War of the Mantuan Succession: Charles became involved in a European war known as the War of the Mantuan Succession, which drained England's resources and further weakened Charles' authority.
• The Bishops' Wars: Charles attempted to impose a new prayer book on the Scottish Presbyterians which led to the Bishops' Wars (1639-1640) in which the English and Scottish armies fought. Royalists losing both.
• The English Civil War: The most significant event of Charles' reign was the English Civil War, which began in 1642 and lasted until 1651. The war was fought between the Royalists (supporters of Charles) and the Parliamentarians (opponents of Charles), and ended with the defeat of the Royalists and the execution of Charles in 1649.
• Charles' Execution: Charles was found guilty of high treason by the parliamentarians and was executed by beheading at Whitehall Palace on January 30, 1649. This was the first time in English history that a reigning monarch had been executed.

During Charles I reign, several important issues arose that contributed to the tension and conflicts that ultimately led to the English Civil War. Some of the most significant issues include:

• The power of the monarchy: Charles' belief in the absolute authority of the monarchy was at odds with the growing belief among parliamentarians that the king's power should be limited and subject to the will of parliament.
• Religion: Charles' attempt to impose a new prayer book on the Scottish Presbyterians led to the Bishops' Wars, and increased tensions between Charles and the Scottish and English Puritans, who believed in religious freedom.
• Financial crisis: Charles faced a severe financial crisis early in his reign, and attempted to raise money through various means such as imposing taxes and selling monopolies, but these measures were largely unpopular with the public and led to growing resentment towards the king.
• The role of parliament: Charles' personal rule and his attempts to bypass parliament led to a growing belief among parliamentarians that the king was undermining the authority of parliament and that parliamentary consent was necessary for the king's actions.
• Foreign policy: Charles' foreign policy, especially his involvement in the War of the Mantuan Succession, was seen as costly and unnecessary by many English citizens.
• All these issues contributed to the growing tensions between Charles and parliament, and ultimately led to the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642, which lasted until 1651 and ended with the defeat of the Royalists and the execution of Charles in 1649.